Management Accounting :: essays research papers

Management Accounting IIFCB bakehouse Shopexecutive SummaryFCB Bakery is a specialty food retailer. FCB uses a system that is similar to RotiBoy Bakery to provide Mexican buns in a steadfast and time-efficient way. FCB provides its customers the ability to aver and buy the bun without waiting in long queue. FCB is offering cheaper offers to the RotiBoy.FCB offers its patrons the finest Mexican buns, specializing in specialty coffees flavors. In appendage, FCB allow for ensure the patrons ginger nut their freshly make buns straight on the spot without delay. Seasonally, TDP will add other flavors such as chocolate, cheese and more flavors.FCB will heighten on 2 marketsThe Daily Commuter- some atomic number 53 traveling to/from work, out shopping, delivering goods or services, or just out for a drive.The Captive Consumer- someone who is in a restricted purlieu that does not allow convenient departure and return while searching for finger food, or where finger food are an con stitutional part of the environment.FCB will penetrate the commuter and captive consumer markets by locating their premises in the most logical and accessible locations. The location are guardedly selected in a two-sided traffic and selling the buns in less time than required for a visit to the locally confectionary shop.In addition to providing a calibre harvest-tide and an extensive delicious buns, to ensure customer awareness, as well as good publicity coverage and media support, we will be using playscript of mouths strategy based upon customer positive feedback.The FCBs financial picture is quite promising. Since FCB is operating a cash business, the initial cost is importantly less than umteen start-ups these days. The process is labor intensive and FCB recognizes that a higher level of talent is required. The financial investment in its employees will be one of the greatest differentiators amongst it and FCBs competition. For the purpose of this cash budgeting, the capit al expenditures of facilities and equipment are financed. There will be minimum inventory on hand so as to keep the product fresh and to take advantage of price drops, when and if they should occur.The danger in having direct competitors would rise up and establish a foothold on a residential area before--or in the midst of--the arrival of FCB, causing a potential for a drain on revenues and a dramatic increase in advertising expenditures to bear market share. Knowing these risks--and planning for them--gives FCB the edge needed to make this scenario work.The projected profits estimates a profit of $166,004 for the first course of instruction, $157,309 for second year and earnings of $147,754 on the third year.Management Accounting essays research papers Management Accounting IIFCB Bakery ShopExecutive SummaryFCB Bakery is a specialty food retailer. FCB uses a system that is similar to RotiBoy Bakery to provide Mexican buns in a fast and time-efficient way. FCB provides its cu stomers the ability to order and buy the bun without waiting in long queue. FCB is offering cheaper offers to the RotiBoy.FCB offers its patrons the finest Mexican buns, specializing in specialty coffees flavors. In addition, FCB will ensure the patrons grab their freshly made buns straight on the spot without delay. Seasonally, TDP will add other flavors such as chocolate, cheese and more flavors.FCB will focus on two marketsThe Daily Commuter- someone traveling to/from work, out shopping, delivering goods or services, or just out for a drive.The Captive Consumer- someone who is in a restricted environment that does not allow convenient departure and return while searching for finger food, or where finger food are an integral part of the environment.FCB will penetrate the commuter and captive consumer markets by locating their premises in the most logical and accessible locations. The location are carefully selected in a two-sided traffic and selling the buns in less time than requ ired for a visit to the locally confectionary shop.In addition to providing a quality product and an extensive delicious buns, to ensure customer awareness, as well as good publicity coverage and media support, we will be using word of mouths strategy based upon customer positive feedback.The FCBs financial picture is quite promising. Since FCB is operating a cash business, the initial cost is significantly less than many start-ups these days. The process is labor intensive and FCB recognizes that a higher level of talent is required. The financial investment in its employees will be one of the greatest differentiators between it and FCBs competition. For the purpose of this cash budgeting, the capital expenditures of facilities and equipment are financed. There will be minimum inventory on hand so as to keep the product fresh and to take advantage of price drops, when and if they should occur.The danger in having direct competitors would rise up and establish a foothold on a commun ity before--or in the midst of--the arrival of FCB, causing a potential for a drain on revenues and a dramatic increase in advertising expenditures to maintain market share. Knowing these risks--and planning for them--gives FCB the edge needed to make this scenario work.The projected profits estimates a profit of $166,004 for the first year, $157,309 for second year and earnings of $147,754 on the third year.

A Doll’s House - Nora Essay example -- English Literature

Nora is the central character in the book A Dolls House and it is through her that Ibsen develops many of his themesTo what extent is the true shown by the atomic number 82 female characterscharacters? What are the consequences of this?Within these twain books loyalty is a minor theme and one that is easilymissed, indeed it is narrow. However, it is still one which weaves a betray through both of the books encompassing major and minorcharacters, the material and the abstract. In commencing thisdiscussion one must first refer to the definition of the wordloyalty the quality of being loyal. As defined in the Cambridgedictionary, loyal firm and not changing in your friendship with orsupport for a somebody or an organization, or in your belief in yourprinciples. And in the Collins dictionary, loyalty faithful afeeling of friendship or duty towards someone or something.Nora is the central character in the book A Dolls House and it isthrough her that Ibsen develops many of his themes, one of these beingthe difficulty of maintaining an single personality within theconfines of a social role/stereotype. Initially Nora jibems devoted toher marriage and her husband, I would never dream of doing anythingyou didnt want me to. We see the sacrifices shes made to keep whatshe has intact and her beloved alive. To all intents and purposes sheis the model of loyalty. She appears to be utterly in love withTorvald, she looks incredulously at Mrs.Linde, But, Kristine, isthat possible?, when face up with the prospect that someone could be orever have been in a loveless marriage. Shes proud of her husband, Myhusband has just been made pious platitude Manager, and queen to please him,Oh, thank you, than... ...for somemiracle. In this she loses her greatest financial asset and her home.These two characters both show signs of strong loyalty entirely both indifferent ways and to different things. Subsequently, the consequencesfor both are extremely different. Nora, in A Dolls Ho use, throughher call into question of her marital relationship and the resultingrecognition of false values, manages to achieve the prospect of selfawareness and development this is a direct consequence of hereventual loyalty to herself. Ranyevskayas loyalties, on the otherhand, lead to her downfall. The combination of her personal loyalties,her enslavement to emotions of which extravagance is the consequence,and her loyalty to the past which results in the denial of thepresent, can be seen as the two greatest personal factors that areresponsible for her loss of the Cherry Orchard.

Biology and Philosophy of Love :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Biology and Philosophy of LoveWhat does it mean to love another person? This question is one that more or less every person has asked himself at some point virtually every school of thought that exists has attempted to provide an answer of some sort. In this authorship I will explain my own attempt at answering that question, from the perspective of an amateur philosopher then I shall delineate the answers that some biologists have given. We shall obtain that, while at first these two sets of answers might appear to be quite different, there are in f dally some interesting and notable similarities.I have heard many different accounts of what it is to love someone - to care truly for that persons best interest, to be willing to sacrifice ones own animation for that persons well-being, and so on, the list is infinite. To be sure, these accounts all have a measure of validity there are many different forms of love. However, there is one looking at that all of them have in common, which is the same point at which I think they fail to capture what it really is to love someone they are withal altruistic. Humans, it seems to me, are essentially selfish creatures and I do not intend that statement to have the extreme negative connotations that usually accompany the term self-centered. I mean it in the most literal sense humans are centered around the self. Much as we may try, the self is un-transcend-able. At this point in scientific and spiritual progress, we cannot ever truly experience anything through another persons frame of reference - all that we can know for accepted is that which we think and feel. Thus, it makes no sense to speak of love as a sort of leaving the self. How, then, are we to think ab pop out it? I cracking this alternative so as to avoid the mistake of treating love as a form of altruism, we should think of loving another person as the act of loving oneself through another person - in other words, we love the nation that make us feel best about ourselves, that bring out the best in ourselves. It is important to note that by no means does this definition entail that we do not genuinely care about the people we supposedly love. We can see this as follows by this definition, it is essential that

Essay --

Step 1. Provide a summary of the scientific article addressing these questionsThe publication Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society from the unify Kingdom claims to be a publication devoted to a specific area of the biological sciences that aims to define a research frontier that is advancing rapidly, frequently bridging traditional disciplines. Hand before foot? Cortical somatotopy suggests manual dexterity is primitive and evolved independently of bipedalism, published October 7, 2103 by Teruo Hashimoto et al, certainly seems to support this publications claims.1. What issues in physical and biological anthropology are addressed and why are they important?This newly published research from the RIKEN Brain Science Institute addresses a long-standing question in physical and biological anthropology did manual dexterity evolve first in early hominins, as a requirement to make and employ tools with their hands, or did it evolve in response to bipedal locomotion, after t heir hands were free to use? This mystery in human evolution is important to figure because by knowing what evolved first (dexterous hand or agile foot) researchers can better learn how early hominins lived and how they evolved into modern humans. This newly published research as well as addresses an separate very important issue in physical and biological anthropology it introduces new scientific testing methods available to study evolution that can be used to re-evaluate long-standing evolutionary theories. In this case the study of comparative brain physiology for humans and monkeys was used to help establish the study findings. 2. What is the conjecture or main question being tested?-The hypothesis/main question being tested is what evolved first, dexterous... ...arranted based on the new comparative brain physiology research methodology that was performed, and the study of the more recent hand and foot fossil remains of the species Ardipithecus ramidus support the findin gs.Step 2. Compare scientific article with press report addressing the chase questionsHow well did the press report accurately reflect the research article?I believe that the press report reflected the research article very accurately. The hypothesis was stated and was accurately answered. Is the information present correct or misdirecting?The information that is present in the press report is correct and does not mislead How would you have presented this report differently?The way in which I would have presented this report is I would have done more research along the lines of other evolutionary traits of monkeys and humans and then looked at

Math Coursework - The Fencing Problem :: Math Coursework Mathematics

The Fencing Problem Aim - to investigate which geometrical enclosed mannequin would give the largest area when given a set margin. In the following shapes I will use a perimeter of 1000m. I will vex with the simplest polygon, a triangle. Since in a triangle there are 3 variables i.e. three sides which can be different. There is no way in linking either three together, by this I mean if one side is 200m thusly the other sides can be a range of things. I am red ink to fix a base and then draw numerous triangles off this base. I can tell that all the triangles will have the same perimeter because using a setsquare and cardinal points can draw the same shape. If the setsquare had to touch these two points and a point was drawn at the 90 angle then a circle would be its locus. Since the size of the set square never changes the perimeter must remain the same. IMAGE The area of a triangle depends on two things the height and the base. The base is fixed in this example so the triangle that has the biggest height, i.e. the middle triangle, will have the biggest area. The middle triangle turns out to be an icosoles triangle. I am going to focus only on icosoles triangles. I have constructed a formula linking all three sides in and icosoles triangle. IMAGE X X X=any number which is greater than 250 and less than 500 ======================================================== 1000 - 2X Using Pythagoras theorem I can find and equation linking a side to the area. ====================================================================== (1000 - 2X) + H = X H = X + (X -500) H = height X 500 - X X - (500-X) H Area 251 249 1000 31.6 7874.1 300 200 50000 223.61 44721.0 333.33

Math Coursework - The Fencing Problem :: Math Coursework Mathematics

The Fencing Problem Aim - to investigate which geometrical enclosed shape would give the largest area when given a set perimeter. In the following shapes I will use a perimeter of 1000m. I will start with the simplest polygon, a triangle. Since in a triangle there are 3 variables i.e. three sides which can be different. There is no way in linking all three together, by this I mean if one side is 200m then the other sides can be a range of things. I am going to fix a dwelling and then draw numerous triangles off this base. I can tell that all the triangles will have the same perimeter because using a setsquare and deuce points can draw the same shape. If the setsquare had to touch these two points and a point was drawn at the 90 angle then a circle would be its locus. Since the size of the set square never changes the perimeter must remain the same. IMAGE The area of a triangle depends on two things the height and the base. The base is flash-frozen i n this example so the triangle that has the biggest height, i.e. the middle triangle, will have the biggest area. The middle triangle turns out to be an icosoles triangle. I am going to cerebrate only on icosoles triangles. I have constructed a formula linking all three sides in and icosoles triangle. IMAGE X X X=any number which is great than 250 and less than 500 ======================================================== 1000 - 2X Using Pythagoras theorem I can find and equation linking a side to the area. ====================================================================== (1000 - 2X) + H = X H = X + (X -500) H = height X 500 - X X - (500-X) H Area 251 249 1000 31.6 7874.1 300 200 50000 223.61 44721.0 333.33

Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) Definition Essay

E-mailAll messages composed, displace, received, or stored on the e-mail scheme are and ride out the property of the guild. They are non the private property of the employee. Personal e-mail accounts are not to be used on the ships compeverys data processor system. The e-mail system is not to be used to send offensive, sexually suggestive, obscene, lewd, demeaning, or disruptive messages. This includes, but is not limited to, messages that are inconsistent with the companys policies on cost employment opportunity, anti-discrimination, and anti-harassment (including sexual harassment). Moreover, the e-mail system is not to be used to solicit or proselytize for commercial ventures, religious or political causes, or other non job-related solicitations.The Company reserves and intends to exercise the right to review, audit, intercept, access, disclose, and use all messages created, received, or sent over its e-mail system for any purpose. The contents of e-mail may be disclosed and used by the company to protect its rights and/or property without the permission of the employee, in the companys discretion. The confidentiality of any message should not be assumed. Even when a message is erased, it is still possible to retrieve and read that message. Further, passwords for security do not guarantee confidentiality. All passwords must be disclosed to the company or they are invalid and cannot be used.Employees not involved in maintenance or operation of the companys e-mail system are not authorized to retrieve or read any e-mail not sent to them. some(prenominal) exception to this policy requires the approval by senior management of the company. meshThe companys calculating machine network, including its connection to the Internet, is to be used for business-related purposes. Any unauthorized use of the Internet is strictly prohibited. Unauthorized use includes, but is not limited to, connecting, posting, or downloading pornographic material engaging in com puter hacking and other related activities attempting to disable or compromise the security of information contained on the companys computers or otherwise using the companys computers in a manner which interferes with their business purpose. Employees should not send highly confidential information through with(predicate) the Internet without encryption.Anythingsent through the Internet passes through a number of different computer systems, all with different levels of security. The confidentiality of messages may be compromised at any point along the way. Because postings placed on the Internet may display the companys address, make certain before posting information on the Internet that the information reflects the standards and policies of the company. Under no caboodle should information of a confidential, sensitive, or otherwise proprietary nature be placed on the Internet.Information posted or viewed on the Internet may constitute published material. Therefore, reproduction of information posted or otherwise available over the Internet may be done only by express permission of the author. Offensive, sexually suggestive, obscene, lewd, demeaning, or disruptive messages are prohibited. This includes, but is not limited to, messages that are inconsistent with the companys policies on equal employment opportunity, anti-discrimination, and anti-harassment (including sexual harassment). Use of the companys e-mail/Internet system from a personal or company-owned computer through company-owned connections are consequence to the same policies that apply to use from within company facilities. computersDue to the sensitive nature of computers and the software contained therein, all employees provided with computers may not download, install, alter, or delete any software, programs, and information (i.e., e-mails, spread sheets, databases, Microsoft Word, or other word processing documents) contained on company computers without the express authorization of the company. The company reserves the right to inspect or review its computers and the information contained therein at any time without notice or consent.Any employee who violates the companys e-mail/Internet/computer wont policy shall be subject to discipline, up to and including employment termination.ReferenceInternet Acceptable Usage Policy Guidelines . OSA. http//www.osa.state.ms.us/downloads/iupg.pdf (accessed April 17, 2014). Table of Contents. 9781449692438.

Usability Evaluation and Recommendations

Usability Evaluation and Recommendations For Sixties Press Poetry Magazine IT3210 Web Systems and Technologies John Winko genus Capella University Introduction This paper will propose a sack up aim redesign for Sixties Press Poetry Magazine located at http//www. sixtiespress. co. uk. The lay is owned by Thushari Williams according to Whois and the primary purpose of the site is curating/collecting/publishing various poets work that relates to a 1960s era theme. There does non appear to be any corporate backing to the publication or syndication of any sort.After reading through the tirade of obfuscated source code, it is a safe assumption the site was initially done in an older version of Microsoft Word then saved as a webpage. Site improvements will be recommended based off of a blended heuristic matrix found in appendix 1 formed from Search Engine Journal and usereffect. com. Table of Contents Introduction2 Table of Contents3 Identity4 organise and lay proscribed4 Information c omputer architecture and site navigation5 Use of visual elements6 Usability7 Accessibility7 Conclusion8 References9 Appendix 1 Heuristic Usability Questionnaire10Appendix 2 Site Navigation and Use Case Scenario14 Identity The website http//www. sixtiespress. co. uk is for a magazine called Sixties Press Poetry. The site has a logo that is replicated at the eyeballhade of e real page alone does non arrive at a clear tag line to indicate the purpose of the site. A user has to glean the fact the site is a collaboration of different authors generating 60s themed poetry from computer menu items and the carcass limit on the main page. There is non a specific About Us page anywhere on the site and the only if contact information is in a small region on the bottom left portion of the homepage.The target audience is anyone pursuance poetry with a 60s theme and critical of poetry publishing processes in place in todays society. Additionally, there ar options for purchasing har d-print magazines chosen from a catalog. These facts ar not readily ascertained from the oerload of kernel found on the homepage. The site redesign will ar placidity a more concise description of the sites purpose on the homepage as well as a brief tagline. The tot of center on the homepage will be trimmed down so that the sites identity and purpose ar more readily app arnt.Structure and layout From a layout standpoint, the overall wrapping of the body of each page on the site changes with the homepage having a wrapped largeness of 836px while the poetry page has a fixed width of 989px. This inconsistency leads to extra whitespace for some pages while less or none for other pages based on the users b haggleser resolution and sizing. The body content is also left aligned so all extra whitespace is saluten on the right which detracts from easier focus on the central content of pages. All of the pages show the site logo at the top followed by a navigation menu.This is consider ed good design and will not be changed structurally for the site redesign. The homepage uses a 3 column layout while other pages vary from 1 to 3 columns for their layouts. Columns are not distinctive in their content and are structurally dissolute giving the appearance of cramming information into a tighter space. There are apparent sections within the homepage body to delineate different parts of the site notwithstanding no form of clean navigation to identify a relevant section quickly aside from consolidated assumptioning for each section.Pages are laid out with tables using blank dissever tags to add space for formatting. This creates a very different viewing experience across different browsers as each strength has a different set of default values for spacing padding etc. The table widths also vary from page to page and section to section creating different alignments from the fixed position formatting utilise. The site redesign will eliminate the table structure for l ayout and use floated elements (divisions) to accomplish a more legato layout. Column structure will follow designs set forth in Appendix 2.Information architecture and site navigation The entire site is broken into nigh 8 pages branching from the homepage with numerous anchor links used to navigate long pages of poetry. The actual content pages are extremely long, to the point the thumb rolling wave becomes its minimize size at 19201080 screen resolution. Given the breadth of information on pages such as Poetry. hml, the architecture could be improved by breaking out pages by author and/or subject. Individual hyperlinks do follow a unchanging pattern of be underlined and a pass off walk pointer to indicate that clicking the link is actionable.The actual ordering information for hard print magazines is hidden in a catalog link not listed on the main navigation bar. There are also pages for internal authors that are only accessible from the main page and are not descriptive to organism a collection of a specific the respective authors work. The site redesign will encompass using a more description navigation menu to better direct the user if they wish to purchase anything the site has to offer as well as a more original menu and architecture for collective works by author. Use of visual elementsFor a website decided to poetry, the decisions for wring and contrast do not follow a typical 60s theme let alone theming for easier reading. Typically 60s themed colors include Turquoise, Jade, and Mint Green amongst others (McEvoy, n. d. ), starkly contrasted to the dark red on black shown on the homepage. The important headings all have a ergodic color with an XORd background while the menu has the same variation of hit-or-miss colors with a pitch black background. Each subsection of content within the body of the homepage is a different color with additional areas having an offset color scheme.The under-contrasted pages would make viewing the site very dif ficult for someone that is color blind The background wallpaper on each page has a baffling 60s them but does not contrast well with the multi-color text of poetry passages or content in general. The font size and space are adequate but the font face itself detracts from the aesthetics of the pages content. The majority of the block text uses a Black Chancery font face which is not considered web safe and the site would be better suited to use a standard serif font.An exception can be made to allow for an enter font such as Bellbottom optical maser (Lorvad, 1991) to be used for adding flare to title headings. Usability Rather than using the html pseudo element © the former made a picture of their copyright statement and it appears they expanded its size from the original distorting the two-baser quality. The site redesign will use text in place of images used to accomplish to the same task. The picture of Barry Tebb, one of the authors, requires a java applet to run only to have a non-value added effect of water droplets on a grainy photo.The site redesign will remove the unnecessary applet and use a static image instead. Additionally, the site logo will be linked directly to the homepage making navigation easier. There is a text area on the homepage that contains about 5 paragraphs of text and requires scrolling in a very narrow window. This will be revised into a more useable text block following the same design pattern as the rest of the site. With the exception of archives page, text blocks are limited to less than 80 characters per line making reading easier.Although links are properly anchored and are unchanging with being underlined, the redesign will consolidate link colors to preserve thematic relevance. The actual number of links on the homepage will be reduced as its current form has more links than descriptive content detracting from understanding the purpose of a homepage. Accessibility A W3C validation of the homepage discovered over 1 30 HTML coding errors and all of the styles were made inline without any use of external CSS. (W3C, 2012) None of the images on the site have alt text to failover if the image failed to load.There is not a concise separation between navigation and content within the code as the home used a table row and other pages used paragraphs as the separating entities. By eliminating the table structure of pages, the site redesign will properly code in HTML5/CSS3 ensuring the viewing experience is consistent across the majority of browsers. The site uses a JavaScript based pop-out menu to assist navigating large pages of poetry but there are numerous compatibility issues that occur. The pop-out menu rests about halfway down the screen and overlaps the body content both when expanded and collapsed.The menu bar beneath the logo is in an intuitive place but jumps around when navigating different pages since the formatting rules vary between browsers. The site redesign will eliminate the JavaScrip t based pop-out menu and will instead use a floating sub-menu for individual sections. Conclusion The majority of changes to the site will be thematic in nature, updating the color scheme and positioning. Additional changes will be made to improve the sites identity starting with revising the homepage and including an About Us page to further expand the sites purpose.HTML and CSS coding standards and practices will be strictly adhered to ensuring compatibility and proper viewing experience across major browsers. References Cumbrowski, C. (2008, Feb 20). 50 Questions to Evaluate the Quality of Your Website. Retrieved Nov 25, 2012, from Search Engine Journal http//www. searchenginejournal. com/50-questions-to-evaluate-the-quality-of-your-website/6400/ Lorvad. (1991). BellBottom Laser font. Retrieved Nov 25, 2012, from Fontspace. com http//www. fontspace. com/lorvad/bellbottom-laser McEvoy, D. (n. d. ). Interior Design Retro Style.Retrieved Nov 25, 2012, from All Things Frugal http//ww w. allthingsfrugal. com/retro_interior_design. htm Meyers, D. P. (2012, Feb 10). 25-point Website Usability Checklist. Retrieved Nov 25, 2012, from User Effect http//www. usereffect. com/topic/25-point-website-usability-checklist W3C. (2012, Nov 25). W3C Markup Validation Service. Retrieved Nov 25, 2012, from World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) http//validator. w3. org/check? uri=http%3A%2F%2Fwww. sixtiespress. co. uk%2Findex. htm&charset=%28detect+ automatically%29&doctype=Inline&group=0Appendix 1 Heuristic Usability Questionnaire Navigation 1. Are links labeled with anchor text that provides a clear indication of where they lead? Yes. 2. shrewdness what is the maximum number of clicks it takes to reach a page within the depths of the site? All pages are a single click away from the homepage (2 clicks if including anchoring from the menu). Given the amount of content on the site it would be more manageable to have a 3 click architecture to more concisely filter and plant content (b y author/by subject). 3.If a splash screen or navigation feature is provided in a Java/JavaScript/Flash format, is a text-based substitute also available? Yes, a JavaScript pop out menu is feature on long pages of poetry and a text version is available at the top of the page. 4. Do clickable items stylistically indicate that they are clickable? Yes, all items that are underlined are linked to some content and the mouse pointer changes to a hand to indicate that the click will be actionable. 5. How intuitive is it to navigate? Are signs obvious or obscured?In a general sense the navigation is intuitive but far from consistent with the layout changes between different pages. The pop-out menu is intuitive in IE but not in other browsers (actual clickable area is not visible). 6. Main navigation is easily identifiable. Mostly yes, however there is a page that contains revenue generation from ordering magazine that is not shown in the navigation bar or easily identifiable. Additionally there are pages that are specific to internal authors that are only accessible from the main page. 7. Navigation labels are clear & concise.Textually relevant yes but thematically difficult to read. 8. Number of buttons/links is reasonable. No, there are links to too many different areas on the homepage detracting from being concise. The homepage itself has more link than actual content. 9. Company logo is linked to home? page. No. 10. Links are consistent & easy to identify. All links are underlined but thematically change very regularly from size and color. An exception exists for the clickable area for each of the links, clicking to high on the text has no effect. Accessibility 1.Is content structurally separate from navigational elements? The navigation menu on the home page is separated from other content by a tag but on subsequent pages is contained in a tag. There is not a concise separation between navigation and content. 2. Is the website cross-browser compatible? No. The layout is achieved using tables and paragraph blanks and the viewing experience was different between Firefox, Chrome and IE. 3. How compliant is the website with W3C coding standards? Valid HTML/CSS? No, a W3C validation resulted in over 130 errors.The pages only contain inline styles with no external or embedded CSS. 4. Are alt tags in place on all significant images? No, there are not alt tags used for any images. 5. Are text-based alternatives in place to convey essential information if this is featured within images or multimedia files? No, on top of alt text being absent, the java applet containing a photo on the main page does not fail safely and left as an abandon area. 6. Site load? time is reasonable? Yes, there are very few pictures and most pages consist primarily of text in the form of poems/poetry. . sufficient text? to? background contrast? No. The featured articles page has text color very close to the background color while the navigation items are too contrasted in difference. 8. Flash & add? ons are used sparingly. Yes, but the sole java applet add-on used has no specific utility or purpose. The JavaScript pop-out menu does not load correctly across all browsers and is completely cut off from use in Chrome and Firefox. 9. Site has custom not? found/404 page. No. (Requires a server side change so not applicable) Identity 1.Company logo is prominently placed. Yes 2. Clear statement of PURPOSE of the site? Purpose does not become clear within a few seconds without reading frequently or no text copy at all. Assumptions have to be made from the text in the logo and menu to find out it is a magazine about poetry. 3. Who is the target audience? The site is meant for anyone want 60s era poetry and those looking to purchase a copy of the print magazine. 4. Tagline makes caller-ups purpose clear. No tagline present. It is assumed the site is about poetry after reading through the body content. . Home? page is digestible in 5 seconds. No, there a re multiple vectors the eyes are drawn to which makes getting an overall view more difficult. There are laundry lists of authors, selected readings and selected sections for each subpage of the site on the homepage. 6. Clear path to company information. No specific About Us page listed and had to specifically perform a WHOIS search to determine true site ownership. The homepage does contain a clause that specifies original copyright remains with respective authors and images were courtesy of Leeds Library. . Clear path to contact information? Not really, there are contact details on the bottom left corner of the homepage but not specifically listed as official site contact. Design 1. Is the sites design aesthetically openhearted? No, the color scheme alone makes the site very unappealing. The stark contrasts set against the swirling background makes focusing difficult and the left aligned nature draws too much attention to the whitespace left on the right side of the screen. 2. Ar e the colors used harmonious and logically related?No, colors seem extremely random in nature although they are logically related to sections (one color for each section). 3. Are the color choices visually accessible? No, some parts have color themes that are too starkly contrasted while others are not contrasted enough to allow easier reading. It would be very difficult for someone color blind to lodge in a lot of the content. 4. Is the design audience appropriate? Yes, the font size is appropriate for older audiences and those wishing to retro to 60s content. 5. Font size/spacing is easy to read?Font size and spacing is adequate. 6. Readability and appropriate type face? No, there are multiple different fonts used and the specific fonts do not add to the readability or theme of the website. The Black Chancery font use predominately for block text is not considering a web safe font. Content 1. Is the website copy succinct but informative? There are continuous sections of poetry th at detracts from being succinct but the content only design can be considered informative. 2. Does the copywriting style suit the websites purpose and speak to its target audience?There is an attempt at using vibrant colors resembling 60s design but that attempt falls short of effectively speaking this to the audience. 3. Are bodies of text constrained to

Compare and contrast the human condition as it relates to Muslims and Christians

The motive of this paper will endeavor to compare and contrast the human condition as it relates to Muslims and Christians. The author will examine the teachings of these religions as it relates to the service of the human condition and will look at the public stance of twain of these great religions.One of the five basic pillars of Islam is the Zakaat or spiritual tithing or almsgiving. In its simplest terms it is a command by Muslims to give 2.5% of their accumulated wealth on an annual basis to other Muslims. According to www.islam.tc there is ofttimes more to the Zakaat than the simple annual giving. According to this website the Zakaat is the most important act of worship which has to be performed monetarily. The website further lists the many benefits of giving Zakaat as followsIt reminds Muslims of the fact that any(prenominal) wealth they may possess is due to the blessings of Allah and as such is to be spent according to His commands.Zakaat functions as a social security for all. Those who have plentiful money today pay for what they have. If they need money tomorrow they will get what is necessary to help them live decently.Zakaat payer pays his dues to Allah as an act of worship, a token of submission and an acknowledgement of gratitude. The receiver of Zakaat receives it as a grant from Allah out of His bounty, a favor for which he is thankful to Allah.Thus the Muslim by accepting the 5 pillars agrees that he is to help funding the less well off from him. As this is a command from Allah, the benefits of the Zakaat are then seen as blessings at a time from Allah. Allah says in the Quran The parable of those who spend their wealth in the way of Allah is that of a grain of corn. It grows seven ears and each ear has hundred grains. Allah increases manifold to whom he pleases. (Quran 2261)Further research indicates that the Hadith indicates the following benefits are derived from the Zakaat as follows1. Gain the pleasure of Allah2. Increase in wea lth and protection from losses3. Allahs forgiveness and blessings4. safeguard from the wrath of Allah and from a bad death5. A shelter on the Day of Judgment6. Security from seventy misfortunesBenefit is sometimes looked upon as the dodge of pain, and the Hadith for certain points out not only some benefits such as forgiveness and blessings, precisely additionally the avoidance of pain such as shelter on Judgment day and the security from seventy misfortunes. Allah also indicates punishment for not giving Zakaat as follows And there are those who hoard capital and silver and do not spend it in the way of Allah, announce to them a most grievous penalty (when) on the Day of Judgment rouse will be produced out of that wealth in the fire of Hell. Then with it they will be branded on their forehead and their flanks and backs. (It will be say to them) This is the treasure which you hoarded for yourselves, taste then the treasure that you have been hoarding. (Quran 934-35)Christians on the other hand are certainly not as public and appear to be by the authors experience somewhat bashful or ashamed to speak about money, tithing and almsgiving. From the authors own experience as a member of the Stewardship citizens committee of his Church, we only speak of money three Sundays per year and only in the context that it is a member of the trilogy of time, talents, and treasures to be given for the glory of God.Further, Christians are of dickens minds as to the amount of money they should give. The old testament of the Bible in Leviticus 2731 states the following A tithe of everything from the land, whether grain from the soil or fruit from the trees, belongs to the Lord it is holy to the Lord. The word tithe means one tenth. In the new testament of the Bible, Jesus teaches us in Luke 638 Give, it will be given to you. A good measure, pressed down, shaken together and running over, will be poured into your lap. Also in Luke, Jesus says in Luke 1141 But give what i s inside the dish to the poor, and everything will be clean for you. The passages from the old and new testaments seem to be mutually exclusive, scarcely do indicate that giving must be done, but not how much. Muslims, it seems are definitely more clear on the amount of giving.Also unlike between the Christian and the Muslim is who are we giving to? The Zakaat clearly indicates that Muslims are giving to other Muslims as a command from Allah which then gives benefit to both the giver and the receiver. Christians on the other hand clearly give to the Church. The Christian Church according to their doctrines then gives to help keep the Church and also humankind as a whole. Christians routinely support other belief systems through their outreach and missions. Look as an example of the enormous support for Muslims by Christians after the Tsunami. The author is a member of an ELCA Lutheran Church and as part of the mission of this Church the congregation took a mission trip in part to support a Catholic Orphanage in Peru.Muslims routinely praise or do not disparage the terrorist Osama Bin Laden. Why is this so? The reason is that Osama routinely supports other Muslims through generous giving to Muslims. Since there has been no outward vocal opposition to this generosity by Muslims it must therefore be an received practice. The author cannot recall or through research find any Christian terrorist let alone one who is exalted because of his giving.Both great religions certainly promote giving. The Muslim Zakaat clearly supports other Muslims which may just be the single biggest reason for the explosive growth of the Islam faithful in the world. Muslims believe the Zakaat should support all things Muslim such as commandment and cite Muhammads exhortations regarding education as follows If you educate a man, you educate an individual. If you educate a woman, you educate a nation. Certainly the Zakaat helps support education amongst the Muslims which further adds t o their burgeoning populations.Christianity on the other hand is more quiet and somewhat bashful in their attempts at Christian education amongst the worlds non-Christian people which may account for the slower growth of Christianity. Certainly both religions are painfully aware of the decline in the overall human condition, but Muslims, because of their adherence to the Five Pillars are doing a better and more public job of showing humankind (not necessarily in the United States) the kind, peace-loving, nurturing side of their faith.

Reaction Paper on Economic Forum on Philippine Governance Essay

Our country has great potential for mining developments. It was also mentioned by Dr. Habito that mining has contributed significant economic growth for the country. I am working in a mineral exploration company, and I have witness the mining investments flourished when the judicature made structural changes to the mining laws. More mineral exploration companies undefendable acquiring mining tenements and pouring in million of investments.Not only that, we generated employment and uplifted the lives of the local communities thru road developments and separate rehabilitation programs where our mining theater of operations is situated. But as time goes by, the promises of the brass were not fulfilled. Rampant Red Tape is still present every time we process exploration permits and other pertinent documents. The government bureaus still practices bribery for easier approval.Another important concern of my company and other exploration companies is the Peace and Order situation as th e government promised to control 10 years ago. The situation has not been improved. Mining camps are still attacked by these belligerents/insurgents groups to threaten the mining companies to fulfill their wishes. The LGUs of the particular residential district were not given full force to set directives in dealing with insurgencies. The local military always heed for directives from the national military to propagate earnest but then incidents have been done.As the same example mentioned by Dr. Habito, on over centralized agrarian policy, that the national government disposed fertilizers to national agrarian in belief that it was good for all farm lands of the country. But then some farmers on respective provinces dont find this propensity as effective as the use of the Carabaos to mow and cultivate their farms. He pointed out there is a need to give stronger roles for LGU to direct the concerns of the local community. LGUs knows more what is dampen for their community.Another good example discussed by Dr. Habito is the development of Clark Airport Tourism. The emergence of international flights in Clark Airport paved way to calling expansion but fell short when the crab mentality of other Airlines instigated and aided from the government to minimized the international flights in Clark Airport to serve their self-interests. Dr. Habito instilled that the government should develop more liberal aviation policy and open skies environment to attract more investments.Subsequently, our company is moving our exploration activities to other Asian countries for better opportunity and effective government policies. We believed that our investments here in the country are not optimized due to these flaws and self-serving government operatives. Evidently, Philippines is rich in natural mineral resources that could bring great opportunities for the people. But we cannot maximize development because of poor governance. Even if the laws are severally revised for optima l purposes but they are just create verbally instrument if these are not effectively realized.

Candide by Voltaire Essay

1) What is the relationship between Candides adventures and Panglosss teachings?In Candide, we see kick the buckets filled with struggles and tragedy. Although Candide witnessed and fell victim to mercenary evils of cruelty and suffering, he maintained his optimistic views through much of the novel. Candide picked up this idea of optimism through Panglosss teachings. Although he did not see any honourable reasons to disbelieve Panglosss teachings while living in the Barons castle, once in the outside world, Candide experiences many tragic events that make him, and the reader, question the philosophy of optimism. Candides adventures, starting when he is kicked out of the Barons castle, clearly represented an imperfect world, full of atrocities that contradicted Panglosss teachings.The events that break apart Panglosss teachings begin almost without delay when Candide is thrown in the streets to live on his own. He runs into recruiting officers of the King of Bulgars. They have hi m toast to the health of their king, but then beat Candide severely and put fetter on his legs. Luckily though, the king comes by and tells them to spare Candide since he is innocent. Soon after that, Candide witnesses an awful, bloody battle between two armies. This horrible spectacle learns us how undesirable and violent people are in this world. Later, he finds a beggar who turns out to be Pangloss. Pangloss shares some of the horrible things he had been put through and that Candides mavin and only love had been raped and her entire family had been murdered when the Barons castle had been taken over.Once with Pangloss, he has many new adventures. opus out at sea with Pangloss and Jacques, a violent storm occurred and destroyed their ship. Many innocent passengers are killed including Jacques, who died saving a sailor. The innocent passengers deaths disprove Pangloss possible action since it appeared the bad that came out of the shipwreck led to nothing rock-steady for them instead, only brought them to their deaths. When the sailor, Pangloss, and Candide get into Lisbon, an earthquake destroys most of the city.Atidal wave also crushes ships in the port. In an effort to prevent another earthquake, wise custody take ridiculous actions against the slightest wrongdoing. Candide and Pangloss end up getting arrested. Pangloss is hanged and Candide is beaten badly. The ridiculous actions taken do prove to be futile when another earthquake erupts the next day. All of the bad that came from the first earthquake provided no good. Pangloss had been hung for no reason and Jacques, a good man, had died from the storm out at sea. The reader is left wondering how these horrible events could result in a greater good.Candide finds that God might have spared one place on earth, El Dorado. He finds this seemingly perfect city, yet does not want to stay because is still in love with Cunegonde. The king gives him and Cacambo a few sheep and some gold. This portion of t he story brings a little light, yet the whole world cannot be like El Dorado, and people who do live in perfect worlds cannot even appreciate it because they have nothing to compare the high points against. Since life is always perfect, they live in lethargic boredom and cannot very appreciate how well off they truly are. We also see times of happiness and good fortune that restore Candides faith in optimism end-to-end the book. Such periods include when we find Pangloss survived, and the points in the book when Candide and Cunegonde get to be together, even for short amounts of time.Towards the end of the story, Candide begins to question Pangloss philosophy more and more. Although we find events that victuals optimism, we find more counterexamples. Although Pangloss and the Barons son are found alive, they tell Candide their escapes from death, and the tortures they had been put through afterwards. Soon after they free Pangloss and the Barons son from slavery, the men go and fi nd Cunegonde, the woman Candide had been searching to live with and love for his entire life. When they do find her, she is extremely ugly and Candide no longer wants to marry her. Although he is no longer attracted to her, he is a man of his word and feels he must do his duty to take care of her and love her. Now, he is stuck with a woman he no longer lusts over. Candide has finally found what he had been sacrificing for all of his life to find, yet is not satisfied with what he has acquiredfor his trying work.throughout the entire story of Candide, we are bombarded with horrendous events that happened to an individual to disprove Panglosss teachings. Candides adventures encountered such atrocities as murder, rape, slavery, and prostitution. The bad events that occur in Candide, help show that the world is not perfect, and that not everything happens for the greater good in the end. Candides adventures, great in number, show us how bad others lives turned out as well as their frie nds and families lives were hurt as well, such as the old woman. In the end, Candide finally realizes that optimism is not a flawless philosophy, and that the idea of working hard and enjoying life is better than waiting around for the good you think will happen. Candides adventures helped to contradict optimism and ultimately changed Candides beliefs from optimism to a realization of reality. Candide begins to live a simple life, working hard to avoid boredom, vice, and poverty.

Dove †Objectives of Marketing Plan & Pricing Strategy Essay

Setting objectives for a trade plan is not simple and straightforward matter. It is an iterative process whereby objectives ar set, strategies and action plans are developed, and then it is decided whether the planned objectives are impossible, achievable or easy. Marketing objectives should be difficult, unless they must be achievable. The aim is to set objectives that a challenge, but can be achieved with effort. They must be motivating rather than discouraging. (Westwood, 2002). To be useful, the stated objectives should meet several criteria which are known as SMART objectives. Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Timed gibe to Marketingteacher.com (2012), the purposes of SMART objectives includeTo enable a company to control its marketing plan.=To help to motivate individuals and teams to reach a common goal.To provide an agreed, consistent taper for all functions of an organization.Doves Marketing ObjectivesAccording to Marketing blendx.com (2012), Dove develops it s marketing objectives very carefully as it is devoted to expand the definition of beauty for the moderateness that they believe real beauty comes from your inner self. The Marketing Objectives of Dove areTo increase sales by 40% in upcoming 1 year.Providing a boost to its brand image.Broaden the image as a beauty care providerIncrease the number of retail outlets selling dove products by 250 within 12 monthsPRICING STRATEGY hurt is the exchange value of a product or service, always expressed in terms of money. on that point are costs to produce and design a product, to distribute a product, and to promote. Price must support these instalments of the mix. Pricing is difficult and must reflect total relationship. Price is the only element of marking mixes which sales revenue. Price is a powerful marketing instrument. It is often the most flexible of the four marketing mix elements. Price is a critical element in the marketing strategy of the industrial marketer and should always be viewed in the context of that marketing strategy. Price interacts with all other elements of the marketing mix to determine the effectiveness of each and of the whole. The objectives that guide determine strategy should be a subset of the objectives that guide overall marketing strategy.Thus, it is probably wrong to view price as an independent element of marketing strategy or to assert that price, by itself, is a central element in the marketing mix. (Webster, 1979) In Dove, we use three types of strategies. Namely, Competition-based pricing, Product line, Product Bundle pricing. Competition-based pricing is setting a price in comparison with competitors. surely a firm has three options and these are to price lower, price to same or price higher.For standard Dove Damage Therapy lave (700 ml) cost $11.70 versus Pantene Shampoo (700ml) cost $10.90 in FairPrice. Product line pricing is pricing different products within the same product range at different price points. For examp le Dove Beauty Moisture Body Wash (1L) cost $9.75 versus Dove Firming Moisture Body Wash (1L) cost $10.70 in FairPrice. Product Bundle pricing means offering a group of related products at a combined low price, so as to get rid of slow piteous products. For example, Dove charges $7.50 for a bottle of Dove Beauty Moisture Body Wash and $13.90 for a bundle of two bottles at CK Departmental Store.REFERENCESWestwood, J., 2002, The Marketing political platform A step-by-step Guide. 3rd ed., London, Kogan Page Limited, p 101. Teacher, M, 2012, SMART Objectives online, England, Marketing Teacher, on hand(predicate) from http//www.marketingteacher.com/lesson-store/lesson-objectives.html. Last accessed 27th May 2012. Seher, T., 2012, Marketing Plan of Dove online, Marketing Mix, Available from http//marketingmixx.com/marketing-plan-2/181-marketing-plan-of-dove.html Last accessed 27th May 2012 Webster, F., 1979, Industrial Marketing Strategy, 3rd ed., Canada, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, p 190.

The Golden Lily Chapter 11

IM NOT A PHYSICAL PERSON. Im decent in volleyb al hotshot, and Eddie at one time taught me to throw a punch. be locations I make no claims to having the anatomy of training that guardians get. I certainly dont surrender their reflexes. So, in this situation, un fit to break emancipate of restraint, I pretty oft did the scarcely thing I could.I screamed.Help Somebody helpMy hope was that it would delay Sonyas capturers from decapitating her or whatever it was they intend to do. I also hoped it would, headspring, bring help. Wed departed from the main downtown roads but were politic close enough that someone should hear me especi solelyy since thither had still been a decent number of people out earlier. whiz of the attackers holding Sonya flinched, so I supposed I was partially successful. My own captor clamped a hand oer my mouth and pushed me harder against the brick wall.Then, a strange thing happened. He because he had the right build to be male, even though I couldnt make out his memorial tablet froze. He was still holding me, but his body had gone rigid. It was some like he was shocked or surprised. I wasnt sure why. Surely someone screaming for help when assaulted wasnt that weird. I didnt think I could overpower him but still hoped I might take proceeds of his stunned state. I pushed forward again, trying to get out of his grip. I only managed to move a few inches before he locked me pole into place.We engage to go exclaimed one of Sonyas captors. Another jest at. From what I could tell, they all were. Someone will come.Thisll only take a second, growled the one holding the sword. We hire to rid the solid ground of this worthless.I watched in terror, my heart seizing in my chest. I was afraid for myself, but I was especially afraid for Sonya. Id never seen a decapitation. I didnt expect to start now.Half a second later, I found myself suddenly free. Someone new had joined our fray, someone who ripped my captor remote and tossed h im easily to the pavement. It looked painful, and the guy landed with a grunt. even out in this poor lighting, the height and coat gave my savior away. It was Dimitri.Id seen him fight before, but it never got old. He was captivating. He never halt moving.Every action was graceful and lethal. He was a dancer of death. Ignoring the guy hed just thrown, Dimitri surged toward the others. He immediately went for the guy with the sword.A swift kick from Dimitri direct the assailant flying buttocksward. He dropped the sword and b arly managed to catch hold of one of the churchyard trees.Meanwhile, one of the men holding Sonya simply turned butt and ran back toward downtown.Dimitri didnt pursue. His attention now was on the last guy, who was foolishly attempting to fight back. This freed Sonya, however, and she wasted no time getting to her feet and scurrying over to my side. I was rarely touchy-feely with any(prenominal)one certainly not Moroi but I clung to her without even thi nking twice. She did the same, and I could feel her trembling.Once, as a Strigoi, shed been a force to be reckoned with. As a Moroi, one whod just had a sword at her throat, things were understandably incompatible.The guy facing down Dimitri in reality managed a couple of good dodges. His faulting came when he attempted to hit Dimitri. It opened his guard, and like that, Dimitri punched him hard in the face. The tall guy whod hit the tree earlier attempted an attack, but he was an idiot if he thought Dimitri was distracted. Dimitri dispatched him easily, and he landed near the guy Dimitri had just punched. The tall one struggled to his feet and looked like he urgencyed to attack again. His relay transmitter grabbed hold of him and tugged him away. After a moments struggle between them, the dickens eventually ran off. Dimitri didnt pursue. His attention was all on Sonya and me.Are you okeh? he asked, swiftly striding over to us.I managed a weak nod, even though I was shaking u ncontrollably.Lets get out of here, said Dimitri. He put a hand on each of our shoulders and began to steer us away.Wait, I said, moving toward the churchyard. We should take the sword. I scanned in front of me, but it was even darker than before. Dimitri found the sword right away with his superior eyesight. He tucked it under his duster, and the three of us quickly got out of in that respect. We walked to Adrians apartment, since it was much closer than Clarences property outside of town. Even so, the brief pillow slip seemed to take forever. I unplowed feeling like we could be attacked again at any moment, but Dimitri continued giving us assurances, while still pushing us at a good pace.Adrian was surprised to see us at his door. He also looked pretty drunk, but I didnt care. every I wanted was the security of his four walls.What whats going on? he asked, as Dimitri urged Sonya and me inside. Adrians eyes looked at each of us, resting eagle-eyedest on me. Are you all right? W hat happened? Dimitri gave Sonya and me a once-over, double-checking for injuries despite our protests.He reached out and gently held my chin, turning my non-tat in additioned cheek toward him. A little scraped, he said. none serious, but you should clean it. I fey the spot hed indicated and was astonished to see dividing line on my fingers. I didnt even remember getting hurt but supposed it had come from the brick wall.Sonya had no personal marks but admitted to having a pretty bad headache from where shed hit the ground.What happened? Adrian asked again.Dimitri held up the sword hed retrieved from the scene. Something a little more serious than a mugging, I think.Id say so, said Sonya, sitting on the couch. Her attitude was amazingly calm for what wed just endured. She touched the back of her head and winced. Particularly since they called me a creature of evil before you showed up.Dimitri arched an eyebrow. They did?I hadnt moved once Id reached the living room. I simply stoo d there with my arms wrapped around myself, feeling numbed. Movement seemed too difficult. Thinking seemed too difficult. As Dimitri examined the sword, however, something caught my eye and made my sluggish brain slowly begin to function again.Seeing my interest, he held the sword out to me. I took it, careful of the blade, and examined the hilt. It was covered with engravings.Do those mean something to you? he asked.My mind was still cloudy with fear and adrenaline, but I ignored it and tried to dredge up some facts. These are old alchemy symbols, I said. From the Middle Ages, back when our group was just a bunch of medieval scientists trying to turn use up into gold. That was all the history books knew well-nigh my society. That, and wed eventually given up on gold. The organization had later found more sophisticated compounds, including vampire blood. Interacting with vampires had eventually evolved into our original cause, as ancient Alchemists realized the terrible and dark t emptations vampires represented. Our cause became a holy one. The alchemy and formulas my society had once worked on for personal gain became the tools demand to hide the existence of vampires, tools we now supplemented with technology.I tapped the largest symbol, a circle with a dot in the center. This is actually the symbol for gold. This other one is silver. These four triplicity things are the basic elements earth, air, water, and fire. And these Mars and Jupiter, which tie into iron and tin. Maybe the swords composition? I frowned and studied the rest of the metal. No gold or silver actually in it, though. Their symbols can also refer to the sun and moon. Maybe these arent physical at all.I dont know.I handed the sword back to Dimitri. Sonya took it from him, studying what Id pointed out.So, are you saying this is an Alchemist weapon?I shook my head. Alchemists would never use something like this. Guns are easier. And the symbols are archaic. We use the periodic table now. E asier to write Au for gold preferably of drawing that sun symbol.Is there any reason these would be on a weapon? Some greater symbolism or meaning? Dimitri asked.Well, again, if you go back, the sun and gold were the most outstanding to the ancient Alchemists.They revolved around this whole idea of light and clarity. I touched my cheek.Those things are still important in some ways its why we use this gold ink. Aside from the benefits, the gold marks us as pure. Sanctified. Part of a holy cause. merely on a sword I dont know. If whoever did this was going off the same symbolism, then by chance the sword is sanctified. I thought back to the attackers row, about go to Hell. I grimaced. Or maybe its owners feel its serving some kind of holy duty.Who were these guys anyway? asked Adrian. Do you think Jills at risk?They knew about vampires. But they were human, said Dimitri.Even I could tell that, I agreed. The one was pretty tall, but he was no Moroi. Admitting our assailants had been human was difficult and baffling for me. Id everlastingly believed the Strigoi were evil. That was easy. Even Moroi couldnt always be trusted, which was why the thought of Moroi assassins coming after Jill didnt seem that far-fetched. But humanity the people I was supposed to be defending? That was tough. Id been attacked by my own kind, the so-called good guys, not the fanged fiends Id been taught to fear. It was a jolt to my worldview.Dimitris face grew even grimmer. Ive never heard of anything like this mainly because most humans dont know about Moroi. Aside from the Alchemists. I gave him a sharp look. This had nothing to do with us. I told you, swords arent our style.Neither are attacks.Sonya station the sword down on the coffee table. No ones making accusations about anyone.I assume its an issue youll both want to bring up to your groups. Dimitri and I nodded.Although, I think were peremptory a key point here. They were treating me like a Strigoi. A swords not the easiest way to kill someone. thitherd fool to be a reason.Its the only way a human could kill a Strigoi, too, I murmured. Humans cant charm a silver stake. I suppose they could set you on fire, but thats not mulish in an alley. Silence fell as we all mulled this over. At last, Sonya sighed. I dont think were going to get anywhere tonight, not without blithering to others. Do you want me to heal that? It took me a moment to realize she was talking to me. I touched my cheek. No, itll heal fast on its own. That was one of the side effects of the vampire blood in our lily tattoos. Ill go clean it before I go.I walked to the bathroom as confidently as I could. When I reached it and saw my reflection in the mirror, I lost it. The scrape wasnt bad, not at all. Mostly, what upset me was what it represented. Sonya had had the blade to her throat, but my life had been in danger too. I had been attacked, and Id been helpless. I wet a washc splith and tried to bring it to my face, but my ha nds were shaking too badly.Sage?Adrian appeared in the doorway, and I quickly tried to blink away the separate that had started to fill my eyes. Yeah?You okay?Cant you tell from my aura?He didnt answer but instead took the washcloth from me before I dropped it. Turn, he commanded. I did, and he dabbed the scrape with it. With him standing so close to me, I could see that his eyes were bloodshot. I could also smell the alcohol on him. Nonetheless, his hand was steadier than mine. Again, he asked, You okay?Im not the one who had a sword to my throat.Thats not the question I asked. Are you hurt anywhere else?No, I said, looking down. righteous maybe maybe my pride.Your pride? He paused to rinse the washcloth. What does that take a leak to do with anything? I looked up but still didnt meet his eyes. I can do a lot of things, Adrian. And at the risk of sounding egotistical I mean, well, I can do a lot of pretty awesome things that most people cant.There was amusement in his voice. D ont I know it. You can change a tire in ten minutes while speaking Greek.Five minutes, I said. But when my lifes on the line when others lives are on the line what good am I? I cant fight. I was completely helpless out there. Just like when the Strigoi attacked us and Lee. I can only stand and watch and wait for people like Rose and Dimitri to save me. I Im like a storybook damsel in distress. He finished cleaning my cheek and set the washcloth down. He cupped my face in his hands. The only thing true about what you just said was the storybook damsel part and thats only because youre pretty enough to be one. Not the distress thing. Everything else you just said was ridiculous. Youre not helpless.I finally looked up. In our conversations, Adrian wasnt usually the one accusing me of being ridiculous. Oh? So I am like Rose and Dimitri?No. No more than I am. And, if repositing serves, someone told me recently it was useless trying to be like other people. That you should only try to be yourself. I scowled at having my words thrown back at me. This isnt the same situation at all. Im talking about victorious care of myself, not impressing someone.Well, theres your other problem, Sage. Taking care of yourself. These encounters youve had Strigoi, crazy guys with swords. Those arent exactly normal. I dont think you can really get down on yourself for not being able to fight back against those kinds of attacks.Most people couldnt.I should be able to, I muttered. His eyes were sympathetic. Then learn. That same person who likes giving me advice once told me not to be a victim. So dont be. Youve learned how to do a million other things.Learn this. Take a self-defense class. Get a gun. You cant be a guardian, but thats not the only way to protect yourself.A cluster of emotions boiled within me. Anger. Embarrassment. Reassurance. Youve got a lot to say for a drunk guy.Oh, Sage. Ive got a lot to say, drunk or sober. He released me and stepped away. I felt oddly vulnera ble without him near. What most people dont get is that Im more coherent like this. Less chance for spirit to make me crazy. He tapped the side of his head and rolled his eyes.Speaking of which Im not going to give you any lectures about that, I said, glad to shift the topic from me. Lunch with your dad sucked. I get it. If you want to drown that out, its fine.But please, just keep Jill in mind. You know what this does to her not now, maybe, but later. The ghost of a smile flickered across his lips. Youre always the voice of reason. Just try listening to yourself once in a while.The words were familiar. Dimitri had said something similar, that I couldnt take care of others without taking care of myself first. If two people as wildly different as Adrian and Dimitri had the same opinion, then maybe there was something to it. It gave me a lot to think about when I returned to Amberwood later.One of the good things about Adrians intoxication was that Jill hadnt been able to witness our talk. So the next day over lunch when I gave Jill, Eddie, and Angeline a recap of what had happened, I was able to edit the story and leave out my own breakdown. Jill and Angelines reactions were about what I expected. Jill was concerned and kept asking over and over if Sonya and I were okay. Angeline regaled us with tales of all the things she wouldve done to the attackers and how, unlike Dimitri, she would have chased them through the streets. Eddie was quiet and didnt say much until the other two had left, Angeline back to her room and Jill to get ready for class.I thought something was wrong with you today, he said. Especially at breakfast, when Angeline called a tomato a vegetable and you didnt correct her. I managed a half smile at his joke. Yeah. Well, its the kind of thing that sticks with you. I mean, maybe not for you guys. Random sword attacks in dark alleys are normal for you, right?He shook his head, face serious. You cant ever take any attack in stride. People who do get careless. You have nothing to feel bad about.Id been stirring some unelaborated looking mashed potatoes and finally gave up. I dont like being unprepared. For anything. Dont get me wrong Ive been there when you and Rose fought Strigoi. I was helpless then too but thats different. Theyre big than life beyond a humans scope. I dont really expect myself to be able to fight then. But what happened last night even with the sword was only one step away from a mugging. Mundane. And they were human, like me. I shouldnt have been so ineffectual.Do you want me to teach you some tricks? he asked kindly.That brought my smile back. What you do is a little larger than life too. Maybe Id be better doing something a little more suited to my level. Adrian said I should get a gun or take a self-defense class.Thats good advice.I know. Scary, huh? The Alchemists do gun-training, but Im not a fan. I do pretty well at classes and theory, though.He chuckled. Very true. Well, if you change your min d, let me know. After working with Angeline, Im ready for anything. Although to be bewitching, shes backed off a little. I thought back to my last real conversation with her. Her fight and suspension had only been yesterday but felt like years ago. Oh. I sort of had a talk with her.What kind of talk? he asked, surprised. I told you not to worry about my personal life. Its my problem.I know, I know. But it just kind of happened. I told her that her conduct was out of line and that she needed to stop. She was pretty mad at me, though, so I wasnt sure if it had gotten through.Huh. I guess it did. The next words obviously were a big concession. Maybe shes not as bad as I thought.Maybe, I agreed. And look at it this way. At least her suspension means you dont have to worry about her at the dance.From the way his face lit up, it was clear he hadnt realized that just. A few moments later, he toughened up again. If there are attacks going on like this, Im going to have to be extra cautiou s with Jill especially at the dance. I hadnt thought there was any way Eddie could be more cautious, but probably hed prove me wrong. I kind of wish Angeline was going. Most of my classes were distracting enough to keep me from thinking too much about last night, but Ms. Terwilligers independent study was different. It was too quiet, too low-key. It gave me a lot of time in my own head, bringing back all the fear and self-doubt Id been trying to ignore. For once, I copied and notated the spells without really memorizing them. Usually, I couldnt help myself. Today, my mind wasnt there.We were almost halfway through the period when I finally tuned in enough to really process what I was working on. It was a spell from Late Antiquity that allegedly made the victim think scorpions were crawling on him or her. Like so many of Ms. Terwilligers spell books, the formula was convoluted and time consuming.Ms. Terwilliger? I hated to ask anything of her, but recent events weighed too firmly o n me.She looked up in surprise from her paperwork. After the cold war wed entered into, shed grown used to me never speaking unless spoken to. Yes? I tapped the book. What good are these so-called offensive spells? How would you ever use them in a fight when they require concoctions that take days to prepare? If youre attacked, theres no time for anything like that. Theres merely any time to think.Which one are you looking at? she asked.The scorpion one.She nodded. Ah, yes. Well, thats more of a premeditated one. If youve got someone you dont like, you work on this and number it. Quite potent for ex-boyfriends, I might add. Her face grew distracted, and then she focused back on me. There are certainly ones that would be more useful in the kind of situation youre describing. Your fire charm, if you recall, had a lot of prep work but could be used quite quickly. There are others that can be cast on extremely short notice with few components but as Ive said in the past, those types require considerable skill. The more advanced you are, the less you need ingredients. You need a lot more experience before youre at a level to learn anything like that.I never said I wanted to learn anything like that, I snapped. Im just making an inquiry.Oh? My mistake. It almost sounded like you were, dare I say, interested.No I was grateful that the healing magic in my tattoo had cleared up most of the bruising on my face from last night. I didnt want her to suspect that I might have serious motivation for protection. See, this is why I never say anything in here. You read too much into it and just use it to further your agenda to torment me.Torment? You read books and drink coffee in here exactly what youd be doing if you werent here.Except that Im miserable, I told her. I hate every minute of this. Im almost ready to stop coming and risk the academic fallout. This is all sick and twisted and The last bell of the day cut me off before I said something Id regret. Almost im mediately, Trey appeared in the doorway. Ms. Terwilliger began packing up and looked over at him with a smile, as though everything in here was perfectly normal.Why, Mr. Juarez. How fine of you to show up now, seeing as you couldnt make it to my class this morning.Looking back, I realized she was right. Trey hadnt been in her history class or our chemistry class. Sorry, he said. I had some family parry to take care of.Family stuff was an excuse I used all the time, though I doubted Treys had involved taking vampires on a blood feeding run.Can you, uh, tell me what I missed? he asked.Ms. Terwilliger slung her bag over her shoulder. I have an appointment. Ask ignore Melbourne shell probably explain it more thoroughly than I can. The door will lock behind you when you two leave.Trey sat down in a nearby desk and pulled it up to face mine while I produced our history and chemistry assignments, since I assumed hed need the latter as well. I nodded toward the duffle bag bag he had on the floor beside him.Off to practice?He leaned over to copy the assignments, his dark hair falling around the sides of his face.Wouldnt miss it, he said, not looking up as he wrote.Right. You only miss classes.Dont judge, he said. I wouldve been there if I could. I let it go. Id certainly had my fair share of weird personal complications come up before.While he wrote, I turned on my cell phone and found I had a text message from Brayden. It was one word, a record for him Dinner?I hesitated. I was still worked up over last night, and although Brayden was fun, he wasnt the comfort I needed right now. I texted back Not sure. Ive got some work to do tonight. I wanted to look up some self-defense options. That was the reassurance I needed. Facts. Options.Braydens quick response followed Late dinner? Stone Grill at 8? I considered it and then texted back that Id be there.I had just set down my phone when another text message buzzed. Unexpectedly, it was from Adrian. How r u feeling after last night? Been worried about u. Adrian was articulate in email but often resorted to abbreviations in texts something I could never bring myself to do.Even reading it was like listening to nails on a chalkboard for me, yet something touched me about his concern, that he was worried about my well-being. It was soothing.I wrote back Better. Im going to find a self-defense class. His response time was nearly as fast as Braydens Let me know what u find. Maybe Ill take one 2. I blinked in surprise. I certainly hadnt seen that coming. There was only one thing I could send back Why?Geez, said Trey, closing up his notebook. Miss Popularity.Family stuff, I said.He scoffed and shoved the notebook into his backpack. Thanks for these. And speaking of family stuff your cousin. Is it true she was expelled?Suspended for two weeks.Really? He stood up. Thats it? I thought itd be a lot worse.Yeah. It nearly was. I persuaded them to go easy on her. Trey laughed outright at that. I can only imagine. Well, I guess I can wait two weeks then.I frowned. For what?To ask her out.I was speechless for a few seconds. Angeline? I asked, just in case he thought I had another cousin. You want to ask out Angeline?Sure, he said. Shes cute. And taking out three guys and a speaker? Well Im not going to lie. That was pretty hot.I can think of a lot of words to describe what she did. Hot isnt one of them. He shrugged and moved toward the door. Hey, youve got your turn-ons, Ive got mine.Windmills for you, brawling for me.Unbelievable, I said. Yet, I wondered if it really was. I supposed we did all have our ownturn-ons. Treys lifestyle was certainly different from mine. He was devoted to his sport and always had bruises on him from practice, even now. They were more severe than usual. I couldnt understand his passions any more than he could understand my eff of knowledge.My phone buzzed again.Better get back to your fan club, said Trey. He left, and a strange thought occurred to me. Were all of Treys recent bruises really from sports? He kept making a lot of references to his family, and I suddenly wondered if something far more insidious than Id suspected was keeping him away. It was a troubling idea, one I didnt have a lot of experience with. Another buzz from the phone pulled me out of my worries.I checked the phone and found another text from Adrian a long one that spanned two messages. It was a response to my question about him taking a self-defense class.Itll give me a reason to avoid S&D. Besides, u arent the only one who might need protection.Those guys were human and knew S was a vampire. Maybe vampire hunters r real. Ever think Clarence might be apprisal the truth?I stared at the phone in disbelief, processing Adrians words and the implications of last nights attack.Ever think Clarence might be telling the truth?No. Until that moment, I hadnt.

Hong Kong Moral and National Education

Do you think moral and national education should be abolished? good and national education had recently suffer a hot topic in Hong Kong. Moral and national educationis a school curriculum proposed by theEducation Bureau of Hong Kong, it s transform from the current moral and civic education. The Education Bureau stated that it is to cultivate positive values and attitudes in students. Schools argon forced to make it into an independent subject and teachers will teach according to curriculum precondition by the Education Bureau.However, the society suspected that it is brainwashing, they express their concerns through forming associations like Scholarism and marching. National Education should fork out included incompatible perspectives for students to know more about(predicate) their country and citizenship. Instead of letting students know about their country thoroughly, the information is carefully selected by the government. Of the 19 references, 18 of them were written by m ainland Chinese. There are no references from local or foreign scholar, no diverse views and different interests.They are all one-sided view of China and neglected lots of important issues such as the development in humankind rights and democracy in China. Such references and handbooks are inappropriate to use as teaching materials. Hong Kong schools already assimilate liberal studies, civil education and Chinese history, content of lessons are overlapped. Students are overburdened by homework, runnel and examination. Schools and teachers are rushing through the syllabus of HKDSE. Time is tight for both school and students, another controlling subject is not needed. This creates more pressure and stress than the benefit it might have on the major(ip) stakeholders.The curriculum guide for the evaluation of students performance is also being worried. Students have to be emotionally touched in state to show their patriotism. It focuses students to dissemble or to fake their feeli ngs in order to get higher marks, it is not a proper way of education. Along with contents that praises the Communist China, advanced, altruistic and united governing body with characteristics that ensuring stable governance, protecting wholeness of country. Students are to be brainwash and to love their country blindly. Extreme nationalism and patriotism can easily leads to war just because of a little conflict (WW1).In my opinion, a moral and civic education curriculum committee should be fixate to draw up guide lines and design the teaching materials. It should be consist of trained teachers, parents and people from different parts of the society. The curriculum committee can also monitor the implantation of this subject or whether it should become a subject at school. With all the rejections and disagreements from professional teachers, parents and even students themselves, the government should understand their concerns and go for a more opened approach.

Learning is the process whereby knowledge is created

Kolb theorized that Learning is the operation whereby scholarship is created done the transmutation of generate ( 1984 38 ) . Feedback and companionship drive home played an of conditional relation function in furthering skill, alter patterns and theories every bit good as altering jots severally. Different theories of larning have been put frontward, and among them argon the enceinte larning theories. This paper bequeath concentrate on one of the guess named Experiential Learning in accessory to discourse the Kolb and Jarvis Experiential Learning Theory, their restrictions or defects every bit good as to review the specialnesss and failings of the guess. in that location ar two types of experiential larning viz. the one based on tone experience, and that which is based in establishment engagement in development of cognition, exploits, thoughts and experience in their finishing. Furthermore, as condition is really vital to the acquirement turn, hence this paper will anyhow concentrate on the motive to adult strivement and the barriers to it, in add-on to the forms of larning adopted by pornographic scholars.The Characteristics of Adult LearnersAdult scholars need more engagement during the erudition part beca practise they ar autonomous while somewhat of the grownup scholars have departed by assorted experiences and have a wealth of cognition, so they need more chances for duologue among pupils to pull out their cognition and experience. Hence, Experiential Learning is of the merchandiseance to understanding grownup eruditeness because of the features of grownup scholars. The importance of the Kolb David s create and that of his accomplice Roger shaver, have played a beta function in the constitution of the footing to much(prenominal) verbalisements. Of involvement to Kolb were the agencys of doing sense of concrete experiences, which besides involves use of different elbow rooms. However, the plants of Piaget, D ewey and Lewin played an of import function in the preparation of Kolb s thoughts. There have been two major elements of experiential skill that have been astray discussed. These involve the construct that larning occurs through direct engagement of life events ( Houle, 1980 221 ) and the 2nd construct that type of larning experience sponsored by establishments and involves a opportunity to a scholar to get and use cognition, accomplishments and feelings in an immediate and pertinent environment ( Smith, 2001 ) . Learners in the first case of larning atomic number 18 non sponsored by any establishment but themselves. For illustration, cause of application of experiential encyclopedism has focused on the application of developing plans in societal motion and instruction. Persons are able to get cognition after traveling through rum events in life, and so reflecting on these experiences. Most of the people or all at least learn through life experiences.The Patterns of Expe riential LearningKolb theorized the forms of experiential acquisition are within a quaternary phase larning rhythm, which includes concrete experience, thoughtfulness and contemplation, formation of nonobjective and proving in new state of affairss. There has been a contention over where the occasion of larning Begins. While Kolb and Fry posited that acquisition could get down from anyplace in the above theorized four elements of the tuition rhythm, others have posited that larning Begins through a peculiar action and seeing the effects of the action in the state of affairs in which the action was carried out. Therefore, it was possible to larn what would be expected from the action, if it was repeated at those peculiar state of affairss, and this generalizing may let the grouping of similar events that have similar acquisition experiences. However, a reach of fortunes would be involved to calculate out a connexion between the actions and the associated effects. Persons would understand the general reign that underlies the peculiar case. The above speculative account focuses on primary experience in experiential acquisition. latest literature has been accused of chiefly concentrating on primary experience in experiential acquisition theory and neglecting substitute experience. Weil and McGill categorized experiential acquisition in four villages ( 1989 ) . These include the central point on life and work experience to measure and recognize acquisition, recognizing alteration in constructions through experiential acquisition, focal point on raising group consciousness through experiential acquisition, and personal growing and self-awareness. These four villages concern primary experience. Linguistic communicating is a channel through which indirect or secondary experience poop be attained.Kolb theorized that persons would move in new fortunes to use the general rule and this application of the action was supposed to be within the scope of generali sation. Harmonizing to Kolb, feedback from the experiences would be used to alter patterns and theories whereas thoughts would be tried and true by concrete experiences gained from clip to clip ( Kolb 1984 21-22 ) . The importance of feedback in the acquisition procedure is of import to plight that acquisition has taken topographic point. Therefore, the theory by Kolb has a nexus with Piaget s cognitive development. Kolb and Fry identified four basic acquisition manners after developing a acquisition manner carry list ( Kolb, 1976 ) . The stock list would categorise people in either concrete experience and abstract conceptualisation, or brisk experimentation and brooding observation.The acquisition manners formulized by the above theoreticians are converger, diverger, learner and obliger. The converger would transport the features of abstract conceptualisation and active experimentation. Convergers would be individuals of narrow involvements, strong to use the thoughts servicea blely, unemotional, and would tame a hypo-deductive logical thinking on specific jobs. The diverger would presume the features of concrete experience and brooding observation, and would be able to hold a strong imaginativeness. In add-on to holding wide cultural involvements, these persons have the ability to see things at different positions, and are interested in people. The learner would be outlined by the two features, viz. abstract conceptualisation and brooding observation. The person would execute best in inductive logical thinking in add-on to being interested more in abstract constructs than people. Kolb and Fry besides described these persons as holding a great ability to stick supposititious theory-based accounts. The 4th group theorized by Kolb and Fry was the obliger who would transport the features of concrete experience and active experimentation. These have been described as persons will be able to intuitively work out jobs, and when undeniable to respond to im mediate fortunes, these persons would make good. The persons have besides been termed as hazard takers and have greatest strength in making things. Kolb and Fry in thither development of the acquisition manners challenged the construct that larning could be reduced to one dimension such as intelligence.Barriers/ Motivation to Experiential LearningThere are several barriers that will impact the execution of experiential acquisition, such as scholars emotion, as it would impact scholar s motive to take part in the activity. Besides, the design of the activity is really of import as scholars are grownups, they are largely result-oriented and hence, the result of the activities is designed to be utile. Furthermore, the skillfulness of the facilitator is the cardinal barriers if the facilitator can non demo the preparedness and the facilitation skills efficaciously.Experiential acquisition is besides affected by factors such as the grownup motive to larning. In fact, larning is non mere ly a component of experiences but besides motive to larning. Motivation of grownup scholars is an of import facet to accomplishing successful grownup instruction. Motivation of the grownup scholar may be explored in consideration of the features of the grownup scholar. Adult scholars are autonomous and independent and hence the procedures with which larning is to be achieved need to further these rules. In this regard, they are more trustworthy and need counsel to larn and happen cognition on their ain ( Lieb, 1991 ) . The grownup scholar has gone through and accumulated a batch of experiences and cognition and may necessitate that the acquisition environment and larning procedure accommodate these things. Adults will inscribe for prosecuting faculty members and classs while cognizing clearly what they indispensability, and in that respectfore they need to be steer on what to accomplish at the terminal of certain classs before they enroll. Adults are likely to indict in activiti es and procedures, which they see relevancy and hence the acquisition procedure essential carry through this. They are practical and need to be shown regard.Consideration of the grounds why single grownups engage in the acquisition procedure is of import so as to further motive and acquisition. In order to actuate the grownup scholar, there is a demand to see some factors including demand to suit their cognitive involvements such as rest hunt of cognition on their ain. Adult scholars sometimes need to be considered in their quest to achieve relieve of ennui at work and place. The grownup scholar must be shown the connexion of the demarcation towards promotion of the ego at the workplace, such as achieve publicity and be able to associate the two. ( Lieb, 1991 ) .The Strengths and Weaknesses of Experiential LearningExperiential acquisition can be utilized to planning of grownup acquisition and the rating of the same. Although the supposititious account has been applauded in the o f import function it plays in the planning of larning activities and assisting to look into that scholars are engaged, there has been admonitory judgment of the Kolb s theoretical account of larning with the feeling that it does non further the thought of contemplation in acquisition.For illustration, I have joined a Team Building Training Workshop held by my workplace before. I found that I could larn what I have experienced during the preparation, as there were many activities and games that could prosecute me. However, I could non associate or use what I have learnt, as some of the scenarios are non in all the same and the transportation of acquisition is lower than my outlook. Besides, cultural barriers such as work forces are non allowed to fleck adult females s manus in some of the states, which will impact the acquisition procedure because some of the foreign scholars are non experiencing comfy to make so during the activity.As a consequence, it has been criticized that ex periential acquisition does non use to all state of affairss theorized in the theoretical account. Alternatively, there was a possibility for options, such as info assimilation and memorisation. It is known that cultural experiences/ conditions have a topographic point in the acquisition procedure. The Kolb theoretical account does non have or gives a small focal point on cultural experiences/ conditions. The theoretical account does non concentrate on the importance of differences in cognitive and manners of communications that are culturally based. There has been thought that the presentation of the thoughts in the theoretical account is instead excessively orderly and simplistic ( and to extent unreal ) because some procedures may happen one time and phases can be jumped. The scar of integrating of the acquisition manners can non be measured by the acquisition manner stock list because the latter deficiencies that capacity ( Tennant, 1997 ) . In add-on, because a wide and broad research base is of import in researching and proving the theoretical account, the theoretical account is hence limited in its dimensions.While the construct of Kolb can give a linkage between cognition and acquisition, it has been criticized because of limited geographic expedition of cognition. Kolb has merely explored the give away of cognition on a societal psychological science position and does non therefore explore it in deepness. The theory has been criticized for go forthing out the arguments about cognition theorized in the philosophic and societal theory. His conceptualisation of the thought that larning is concerned with bring forthing cognition has been faulted on the consideration of the thought of informed, committed action.A farther apprehension of experiential acquisition may be indicated in the theory generated by Jarvis ( 1987, 1995 ) and theorizes the different responses to the possible acquisition state of affairs. The theory development involved geographic ex pedition of the Kolb s theoretical account by a figure of grownups who would use their ain experience of acquisition in the analysis. Non-learning, non- musing acquisition, and some brooding acquisition were the different paths that were possible in the theoretical account theorized by Jarvis. In non-learning, people were able to move through patterned behaviours. Persons may neglect to react to a state of affairs of possible acquisition and hence neglect to be engaged in the experiential acquisition procedure. In add-on, it was possible to bear with rejection in the procedure and fail to accomplish or make out experiential acquisition. Non-reflective tendencies included the day-to-day brushs of pre-conscious behaviour as everyone is exposed to experiences on a day-to-day footing that he does non believe about. Practice is besides a phase in non-reflective tendency and focal points on geting physical accomplishments and preparation for a manual(a) business. Non-reflective tende ncy besides is characterized by memorisation. In this theoretical account, brooding acquisition involved contemplation, which entails giving a consideration and doing an rational determination about it. Persons would besides be able to travel thorough reflective acquisition by holding a brooding pattern in and on action. The conceptualisation by Jarvis besides falls short in the consideration of phase wise flow of things, in so far it is important to observe that different things may go on together at one time.DecisionTheory of grownup acquisition is limited and needs geographic expedition to understand. There are many positions of grownup acquisition in theory, including autonomous acquisition, critical contemplation, experiential acquisition and acquisition to larn hold been neglected in theory geographic expedition. The consideration of grownup acquisition as separate from the normal acquisition theory is nonsensical and undeserved. This paper chiefly covered the facets of expe riential acquisition, and considers the Kolb and Jarvis theory of experiential acquisition. Experiential larning involves the person acquisition through experiences of existent life state of affairs or the acquisition that is fostered by the establishments. The theory of provides of import constituents on how big acquisition may be good accomplished and planned but has some defects. These include restriction in its coverage of issue of cognition and limited research base for the theory. Kolb s theoretical account of experiential acquisition has besides been criticized for deficiency of consideration of contemplation in acquisition. Both the Kolb s and Jarvis parts have besides been found to fall short of outlooks in that they involve stage-wise development of procedures of larning yet it would be expected that sometimes more than one procedure happens at the same clip and others are skipped. Though the consideration of the grownup larning procedure as being separate from the normal acquisition procedure has been criticized, it is of import to calculate out ways in which grownup larning differs or the features of the procedure or scholars that make it diverge from the normal known acquisition procedure. In order to further larning procedure by the person, it is of import to see the features of the grownup scholar. The grownup scholar is a autonomous person who has already determined what they want from the class they have enrolled into. Again, they are likely to prosecute into activities they see as relevant. Adult scholars have an pass on motivation of larning such as necessitating accomplishing certain makings that will do them be promoted at the workplace, among others, and hence these demands must be understood and incorporated in the acquisition procedure and instruction course of study. Learning procedure does non merely constitute of experiences, but that factors like motive play an of import function in the accomplishment or engagement in larning. Mot ivation plays an of import function in the acquisition of an grownup. Understanding of the factors that specify motive and its topographic point in acquisition may further grownup instruction. While there are assorted ways through which an grownup scholar may be motivated, other barriers including duties at place, clip bounds among others act as barriers to motive. The best manner to actuate an grownup scholar is to progress the ground for registration into the peculiar class. Experiential acquisition plays an of import function in grownup acquisition.